William Shakespeare s Measure For Measure - 1343 Words

Name Tutor Course Date Power and Greed In any given society power and greed are often noted as societal factors that tend to exist together such that one of them influences the other. In William Shakespeare s play, Measure for Measure the two concepts have been clearly depicted through Lord Angelo and the Duke s action of using their power to win the love of Claudio s sister, Isabella. Based on the theme of this play, one can argue that leaders sometimes use their power to influence the lives of others or control a particular agenda. It is represented through Lord Angelo who uses his manipulative nature for personal gratification with Isabella, revealing the positive and negative characteristics of his character and exposing the truth of human nature. The paper discusses the concept of authority and greed to understand how people in authority use their power to fulfill their personal desires by taking advantage of their position or authority. Leaders in power use their authority and power for personal gain and attaining of fame. In many given societies it can be argued that those in power uses their power and authority to manipulate the law and attain popularity from a particular group. It is clearly demonstrated and argued that they don t apply the law equally and with justice instead given race or people are favored by that law and others punished using similar law. When those in power makes mistakes, it has always been hard for them to be prosecuted by law. InShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Measure For Measure Essay1589 Words   |  7 PagesTask 1: Critical Commentary Morality in Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure In this extract taken from Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure (Shakespeare, W. and Bawcutt, N. 2008), and significantly throughout the play, the concept of morality is explored. The following essay will argue whether the actions of the characters and their spiritual and ethical beliefs, should be considered morally acceptable. The extract examines the characters of Claudio, who is imprisoned and sentenced to death for impregnatingRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Measure For Measure2219 Words   |  9 Pagesjustice In Shakespeare s Measure For Measure is mete out both politically and socially in the Viennese society. The idea of justice intrigued Shakespeare so much that he decided to name the play after it. The title Measure for Measure actually comes from a biblical passage that is the underlying theme of the play, â€Å"Judge not, that ye be not judged. For with that judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure you meet, it shall be measured unto you again (Matthew 7:1-2). Shakespeare is commentatingRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Measure For Measure Essay1323 Words   |  6 Pagesperson possesses. Constantly, the interpretation must be made whether these decisions stamp a title on these individuals, and this is where legitimacy or illegitimacy of the individual’s actions make an appearance. In the play Measure for Measure written by William Shakespeare, readers have the opportunity to witness this trial of holding authority. Angelo, one of the characters within the play, exemplifies the exercise of authority, and arguments can be created in relation to the sincerity of hisRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Influence On The Course Of World History1440 Words   |  6 PagesWaldo Emerson, a famous essayist inspired by Shakespeare’s works. William Shakespeare was a renowned author, poet, actor, and playwright. He has contributed to many components of life today such as; founding modern English language, contributing to literature, contributing to modern theater, and contributing many of his works to modern English. William Shakespeare has greatly impacted the course of world history. William Shakespeare was believed to be born on April 23,1564, in his hometown of Stratford-upon-AvonRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet977 Words   |  4 Pagesplanet. Many will respond with a likely sarcastic response, but tell you of the man known as William Shakespeare. He’s most popular for his drama play called Romeo and Juliet, but holds credentials in the literary department for much more than that. He’s written dozens of plays, many dramas such as MacBeth and Hamlet, with some noteworthy comedies for the time period like Much Ado about Nothing and A Midsummer s Night Dream. While some of his plays have straightforward storylines and the title is extremelyRead More Measure for Measure Essay: Angelo1029 Words   |  5 PagesAngelo in Measure for Measure   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Within Measure for Measure, the character of Angelo can be seen as a case study of will over moral nature. Angelo, a deputy, is given the Dukes authority to act in his behalf while the Duke is away. The story unfolds as Angelo uses the agency hes been given in ways that many men in authoritative positions have done. It is interesting to follow his line of thought and to realize that this is a man who is not unlike many others. The main conflict between IsabellaRead MoreComparing And Contrasting Two Sonnets1141 Words   |  5 Pages Comparing and Contrasting Two Sonnets ‘Sonnet 116’ by William Shakespeare and ‘What Lips My Lips Have Kissed, And Where, And Why† by Edna St. Vincent Millay are both sonnets that discuss companionship and a glimpse of each poet’s experiences. In ‘Sonnet 116’, Shakespeare illustrates how capability is weakened by its metaphysical stereotype and ideals such as, love, while on the contrary, in ‘What Lips My Lips Have Kissed, And Where, And Why† Millay feeds on the chaos between the idealRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s English Literature Essay1667 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare has been best known for his poems, plays and masterful piece of writings in the English language. He has been referred to as the England s national poet and the Bard of Avon. He produced over thirty eight plays, hundred fifty four sonnets, five poems, and more verses. Shakespeare s plays consist of mainly tragedies, comedies and histories which are regarded as one of the be st in those genres. The plays, the poems, and the sonnets have had a significance influence in EnglishRead More Measure for Measure Essay: The Virtuous Isabella1282 Words   |  6 PagesIsabella in Measure for Measure      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Measure for Measure is not a celebration of family values, the play points towards both the political virtuosity, which sustains the comic, and the humbler self-knowledge that preserves the integrity of the virtuoso. Human virtue can only be chosen in freedom, but we need not deny ourselves the opportunity of ensuring that this choice is not stifled by the subtly related powers of abstract intellectualism and carnal necessity    Isabella in Measure forRead MoreEssay on Did William Shakespeare Write the Plays and Sonnets or Not?1488 Words   |  6 PagesIt disputes whether Shakespeare himself wrote the plays and sonnets or if it was someone else writing under a pseudonym. There are countless theories of who the writer might actually be but the main suspects are Shakespeare himself, Edward de Vere, Sir Francis Bacon, Christopher Marlowe, William Stanley, Roger Manners, Sir Walter Raleigh and Mary Sidney Herbert (Pressley). The first to be presumed the writer is Shakespeare himself. Many theorists believe it wasn’t Shakespeare due to the fact that

Inclusion Of Students With Disabilities Essay - 1837 Words

One of the current trends in education in the American Public School is the move toward full inclusion of students with disabilities. There has been a rapid rise in the number of students with disabilities who are spending their school day in a general education classroom under the guise of full inclusion. Inclusion is purported to be based on the rights of the students and the social benefits that they receive from being in a general education classroom. There are many who see this as a solution to the problem of how to best educate children with disabilities. Is including children with special needs in the general education classroom beneficial to their education? Since we cannot expect to Cure or Fix these kids who have disabilities, how can we educate them to their fullest capacity? The goal of educating these students with disabilities should be no different than the goals of educating the students who are in general education, which is that we should educate them in such a way as to help them realize their full potential. This is where the problem and controversy arises in regard to students who have disabilities; how best to do this? To fully understand the issue of inclusion in the American Public School, we must examine the history of inclusion, the laws regarding the education of students with disabilities, and what some of the experts in education have to say about it. Only after a full examination of the facts can we decide for ourselves which is mostShow MoreRelatedInclusion Of Inclusion For Students With Disabilities Essay1533 Words   |  7 PagesIt is imperative that inclusion techniques be implemented in the classroom. Studies and research show that implementing inclusion techniques in the classroom have immense positive impacts on all students. As a result of these findings there is a rise in legislation being passed that fosters inclusion on a broader scale. Furthermore, it is necessary to apply inclusion techniques from a young age in order to ensure the greatest success. In my opinion the application of inclusion technique’s in classroomsRead MoreInclusion For Students With Disabilities834 Words   |  4 Pages Inclusion Position Paper Valerie Simmons University of West Alabama SE 506 Dr. Nichols July 1, 2015 Inclusion in the classroom is a widely debated issue in education today. Inclusive education means that students with disabilities are supported in chronologically age appropriate general education classrooms in schools near their home. These students also receive the specialized instruction outlined by their individualized education programs (IEP s) within the context of the coreRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Disabilities2882 Words   |  12 Pages in the American Public School, is the move toward full inclusion of students with disabilities. There has been a rapid rise in the number of students with disabilities who are spending their school day in a general education classroom under the guise of full inclusion. The practice of inclusion came about as a â€Å"natural outgrowth of the Mainstreaming movement,† during the 1960 s (Fruchter). Inclusion is based on the â€Å"rights of the students and the social benefits† that they receive from being inRead MoreInclus ion Of Students With Disabilities1075 Words   |  5 Pagesdecade Inclusion in special education has been a controversial topic among administration, teachers, and parents. Inclusion represents the belief that students with disabilities should be integrated into the general education classroom whether or not they cannot meet traditional curriculum standards. The purpose of the study is to examine the potential advantages and disadvantages of inclusion of students with disabilities into the general education classroom. The hypothesis is that students with disabilitiesRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Disabilities1252 Words   |  6 PagesI am extremely in favor of inclusion of students with disabilities. Inclusion can be defined as an option in which the education of a child is taken into consideration. For example, it involves the students with disabilities pursuing most or all of their education within an ordinary school setting with their other classmates that do not have di sabilities. Inclusion has many objectives, but the most important objective of inclusion would definitely have to be in that it is a program that supportsRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Mental Disabilities1551 Words   |  7 Pagesis a term that expresses a commitment to teaching children with physical, mental, and learning disabilities in the classroom they would attend otherwise (to the greatest extent possible). In inclusive schools, support services are brought to the students as opposed to them leaving class to receive the help they require. This paper is going to focus on the inclusion of students with mental disabilities who are usually separated in special education classrooms. For parents and educators alike, theRead MoreInclusion For Students With Disabilities And Benefits For The Students Essay1987 Words   |  8 Pageshave inclusion in an early childhood classroom. There are benefits for the students with disabilities and benefits for the typically developed stude nt. Not only are their benefits for the students, but teachers also benefit from inclusion in the classroom. Inclusion also shows diversity and shows the differences between peers. Teachers will have to differentiate their instruction and support the needs of all their students. Some people will believe there are too many concerns for inclusion in theRead MoreEssay on Inclusion of Students with Disabilities 2995 Words   |  12 Pagesschools are aiming to implement is inclusion in the classroom because of the benefits inclusion could bring. The implementation of inclusion is strongly connected by people’s attitudes whether they are positive or negative. However, while inclusion is being widely implemented, there is comparatively little data on its effectiveness. It may be that inclusion benefits some areas such as reading and social skills, more than it does others. In order for inclusion to be implemented properly it is importantRead MoreInclusion For Students With Learning Disabilities2259 Words   |  10 Pages 12 [Inclusion for students with learning disabilities] [Inclusion for students with learning disabilities] 13 The Inclusion for Students with Learning Disabilities in Special Education Lehigh University Bowei Chen Many researches show that students with learning disabilities have a high rate of victimization. This paper gives few case studies about how elementary schools implement the policy and guidelines to inclusive the students with learning disabilities. The purposeRead MoreInclusion Of Special Needs For Students With Disabilities1173 Words   |  5 Pageseducation system to include students with disabilities, there has being an ongoing research topic of inclusion. Inclusion, in this area, means the full inclusion of students with special needs in the general education classroom. The research and the debates about the issue of whether or not there should be full inclusion of Special Education students in all general education classrooms in all public schools throughout the United States rages on. The number of students with special needs that are

Business Report A Hypothetical Case Study (Capital Metro)

Question: Discuss about the Business Report for A Hypothetical Case Study of Capital Metro. Answer: Introduction Light rail is a form of railway system having small sized railcar (generally 2-3 coaches) and the rails are laid along the normal road or highway. The purpose of light rail is to ease the pressure on rush hour traffic like office cars, buses and others. In this hypothetical case study, a light rail project is proposed in the city of Canberra. The project is designed to create a light rail route within Canberra, which will cover all the important places as well as the commercial district (Birdsall 2016). Canberra is a standout amongst the most busiest and vital city of Australia. As indicated by the proposed framework, the light rail course will be made alongside the main and busy routes of the city. Nevertheless, the topography of the city has made the roadways to be worked along ridges and hence, less space is accessible for the light rail course. Amid the execution of a light rail project, a standout amongst the most essential points of the management must be to decrease the blocka ge and tumult of the ordinary roadways and give smooth and basic light rail system (Olesen and Lassen 2016). The management should likewise plan to give comfortable experience to the travelers and in addition delivering a more eco-friendly environment. This light rail project will be executed after the planning phase and is expected to cover most of the city and its commercial districts. This project is expected to cover an overall length of around 12km within the city of Canberra (Ney and Gray 2014). This route will connect key commercial districts of Canberra as well as some popular tourist spots so that all kinds of customers are benefitted from the light rail system. The overall expenses of the project is expected to reach $900 million. In this report, the details of the project and estimated expenses and other parameters have been analyzed and discussed along with the development of a system design. Methodology In the specific report, detailed research methods have been used to analyze a hypothetical project for understanding the system design requirements and concepts. Data has been collected from different works of researchers as well as real life case studies for the analysis of this hypothetical case study. This hypothetical case study is based on the development of a light rail project in the city of Canberra. For system design purpose, actual data has been collected that are needed to complete a business report based on the selected project. Information has been gathered from internet sources as well as verified statistical values from different surveys. Assorting all the data and information, detailed analytic study has been conducted on this hypothetical project. In this report, consumer behaviors of passengers that are expected to be benefitted from the light rail project have also been discussed. Conceptual System Design The project is designed to create a light rail route within Canberra, which will cover all the important places as well as the commercial district. Canberra is a standout amongst the most busiest and vital city of Australia (Currie and Burke 2013). Alongside the developing number of enterprises and business associations, the quantity of working individuals is developing every year. In the city, around 40,000 individuals use transport amid ordinary hours and amid top hours, the number ascents to more than 600,000 (Hensher 2016). These outcomes are responsible for the developing number of transport suburbanites in the city. This detail itself is the confirmation of the rising number of workers. Because of excessively numerous suburbanites in the rush hour, activity clog is extremely regular in the city. Figure 1: A Light Rail System (Artists Impression) (Source: Capital Metro Agency 2014) As indicated by the proposed framework, the light rail course will be made alongside the main and busy routes of the city. Nevertheless, the topography of the city has made the roadways to be worked along ridges and hence, less space is accessible for the light rail course (Downs, Cassels and Ericksen 2014). Additionally, the current city arrange likewise allows constrained space for extension of the streets and thus, the light rail undertaking will dependably be a testing one to execute. Figure 2: Proposed Route of the Light Rail Network (Source: Capital Metro Agency 2014) Thus, the idea of the framework outline must be such that the light rail can be actualized alongside the normal roadways. Once more, the real street ranges ought not be diminished or it will bring about more movement blockage. The proposed course will go through all the bustling territories of the city and in addition the most essential spots amid the rush hours (Ho, Hensher and Mulley 2015). As per the examination directed by the Canberra service, the light rail will have the capacity to transport most extreme number of travelers contrasted with the other general method for transport. Preliminary System Design The basic design of the light rail network system can be based on the following factors. Priority to Customers Any business service should always be provided based on the customer priorities. According to the project management authority, the light rail is aimed to provide services to various types of customers (passengers), e.g. Short trip passengers for business, tourism, shopping purposes Suburb passengers for work, entertainment Student passengers for school, university, etc Patron passengers for major events, race course, etc Bypass passengers for changing from rail to road, rail to ferry, etc Other passengers like patients, commuters delayed by congestion, etc Proposed Services After the light rail installation is complete, the authority will be able to provide light rail services every 2-3 minutes during peak time and 7-10 minutes in lean hours (Burke, Currie and Delbosc 2014). The light rail management should always aim to provide fast and reliable services to its passengers. Simple Traffic and Transportation System Amid the execution of a light rail project, a standout amongst the most essential points of the management must be to decrease the blockage and tumult of the ordinary roadways and give smooth and basic light rail system (Mulley, Tsai and Ma 2015). The management should likewise plan to give comfortable experience to the travelers and in addition delivering a more eco-friendly environment. Tailing this goal, electric fueled and air-conditioned light rails were executed in the light rail course (Miller 2014). Subsequent to beginning the course finished in 2014, the blockage and disorder in the adjacent street have diminished significantly alongside the air contamination around the course. Convenient Ticketing System The management can opt to open mechanized electronic ticketing system for the light rail system at various outlets as well as on-board system. This has made less demanding for the passengers to purchase tickets for their travel (Peter, Jeffrey and Garry 2013). Sooner rather than later, the management can arrange an incorporated ticketing system and permitting the utilization of Opal Cards and e-ticketing systems. Detail Design and Development This light rail project will be executed after the planning phase and is expected to cover most of the city and its commercial districts. This project is expected to cover an overall length of around 12km within the city of Canberra (Martin 2014). This route will connect key commercial districts of Canberra as well as some popular tourist spots so that all kinds of customers are benefitted from the light rail system. The overall expenses of the project is expected to reach $900 million. This light rail course is outlined in a manner that it is expected to become an incorporating variable for the transportation arrangement of the territory (Chandler 2015). Moreover, the light rail route goes about as a connector amongst roadways and the heavy rails at different parts of the city. Because of this, the traffic clog of streets in the close-by territory has diminished definitely. The course has been composed such that the suburbanites can without much of a stretch access different method for transport in the wake of leaving the rail car (Mysydney.nsw.gov.au. 2012). The light rail course will touch a few noteworthy parking spots and in addition, real transport terminals, ship ghats, large rail stations, and so on. This course additionally goes through most of the busiest parts of the city that include financial districts, universities, museums, offices and other places of public and tourist interests (Hensher, Mulley and Rose 2016). One or more substations should be installed for supplying electrical energy to the light rail framework. Notwithstanding all these, different frameworks like traveler data framework, wild life protection measures, access ways, lighting offices and others have been introduced. Content Case Analysis Challenges and Estimations During the system design phase, a large number of challenges may be faced. These are as follows. Urban Development During the course of the development of light rail route, the authority should likewise call attention to the improvement and reestablishment of close-by regions for expanding benefits from ticket revenue (Vareilles et al. 2015). The light rail was ready to achieve more regions of the city that will in the end lead to urban reestablishment. Busy and Growing City Canberra is a standout amongst the most busiest and vital city of Australia. Alongside the developing number of enterprises and business associations, the quantity of working individuals is developing every year. In the city, around 40,000 individuals use transport amid ordinary hours and amid top hours, the number ascents to more than 600,000 (Rumbaugh 2014). These outcomes are responsible for the developing number of transport suburbanites in the city. This detail itself is the confirmation of the rising number of workers. Because of excessively numerous suburbanites in the rush hour, activity clog is extremely regular in the city (Catthoor et al. 2013). As indicated by a review, to clear blockage and travel a mere 2 km, it takes about an hour amid the rush hour. Global Competition As for the expansion of the financial aspect and global value of the city, the light rail must be produced with the goal that it draws in more sightseers from different districts and nations. The most current light rail cars ought to be introduced keeping in mind the end goal to contend with different urban areas of the world (Downs, Cassels and Ericksen 2014). Pulling in more global travelers will help in producing more income for the power that will at last prompt huge budgetary development. Figure 3: Gungahlin-City Corridor (Canberra) Bus Routes (Source: Capital Metro Agency 2014) From the case investigation, the capability of light rail framework in Canberra can be assessed extremely well. Without the light rail framework, the vehicle costs because of movement blockage could have ascended to around $10 billion in a few years, though to the detriment of $800 million, the light rail system can be set up (Hensher, Mulley and Rose 2016). This is additionally more reasonable as far as business as it will create increasingly income every year with rising prevalence of the light rail framework. It is to be noted that a light rail project is very much feasible in a city like Canberra where there are a huge number of people use transport everyday for work and other purposes. Moreover, being a prestigious city, Canberra cannot lose its reputation due to only traffic blockages and intense rush of people during the peak hour (Olesen and Lassen 2016). In addition, these traffic clogs also cause massive amount of losses to the authority. As estimated above, light rail will ease the pressure on the rush and also generate strong revenues to the authority. However, the system design planning must be done by focusing specifically on the customer demands so that more passengers are interested to ride the light cars. Data Tabulation Capital Cost Estimate Cost Area $m Nominal Stops and Precincts 11 Roads and Utilities Infrastructure 118 Rail Alignment 96 Signaling, Rail Systems and Power 137 Depot and Stabling 59 Contractors Overhead and Profit 59 Total Construction Cost 479 Rolling Stock 65 Total Alignment Costs 545 Escalation 65 Sub Total 610 Contingency 173 Total Project Outturn Cost 783 Cost Benefit (Estimated Values) Cost Scenario Value $m PV Project Benefits Transport Benefits 406 Land Use Benefits 381 Wider Economic Impacts 198 Total project Benefits 984 Project Costs Capex 619 Opex 204 Total Project Costs 823 Project Economic Indicators BCR (transport and land use) 1.0 Net Present Value (transport, land use WEIs) 161 BCR (transport, land use WEIs) 1.2 Estimated Daily Rail Patronage Time 2021 2031 AM Peak 3,946 5,193 Inter-Peak 4,848 6,587 PM Peak 3,607 5,012 Off Peak 2,718 3,414 TOTAL 15,120 20,207 6.2.4 Summary of operation, maintenance and lifecycle costs ($m) Capital Cost Element Cost Total Project Outturn Cost ($nominal, P75) 783 Less: Difference between P75 and P50 contingency (24) Total Project Outturn Cost ($nominal, P50) 759 Less: Escalation on Alignment Cost (65) Less: Escalation on Contingency (9) Project Outturn Cost ($real) 685 Plus Agency Costs ($real) 45 Costs for Economic Analysis Purposes (P50, $real) 730 Conclusion From the report, it has been clear that light rail will be an integral part of Australian transportation system in the near future. Along with serving the busiest districts of the big cities in the country, it will also attract tourists from other countries if the service provided in reliable and customer-centric. This light rail installation project is outlined in a manner that it is expected to become an incorporating variable for the transportation arrangement of the territory. Moreover, the light rail route will go about as a connector amongst roadways and the heavy rails at different parts of the city. The course has also been planned such that the passengers can easily access different method for transport after leaving the rail car. The light rail course will touch a few noteworthy parking spots and in addition, real transport terminals, ship ghats, large rail stations, and so on. This course additionally goes through most of the busiest parts of the city that include financia l districts, universities, museums, offices and other places of public and tourist interests. From the case analysis, the capability of light rail framework in Canberra can be assessed extremely well. Without the light rail framework, the vehicle costs because of movement blockage could have ascended to around $10 billion in a few years, though to the detriment of $800 million, the light rail system can be set up. This is additionally more reasonable as far as business as it will create increasingly income every year with rising prevalence of the light rail framework. Recommendations The following recommendations can be provided in the wake of analysis of the report. The new light rail courses ought to be made alongside the normal roadways also. The actual road areas ought not be diminished or it will bring about more activity blockage. The power must underscore on the advancement and reestablishment of close-by territories for expanding benefits from the revenues generated from tickets. The most technically sound and modern light rail cars are to be introduced to compete with different urban communities of the world. References Birdsall, M., 2015. From Metro and Light Rail to Trains and Trams: Exploring Sydney, Australia's Expansive Public Transit Initiatives.Institute of Transportation Engineers. ITE Journal,85(11), p.31. Birdsall, M., 2015. From Rapid Transit and Light Rail to Trains and Trams: Exploring Sydney, Australia's Expansive Public Transit Initiatives: PART TWO: SYDNEY'S LIGHT RAIL EXPANSION.Institute of Transportation Engineers. ITE Journal,85(12), p.28. Burke, M., Currie, G. and Delbosc, A., 2014. Performance of Australian Light Rail and Comparison with US Trends.Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2419), pp.11-22. Capital Metro Agency. (2014). 1st ed. [pdf] Canberra: Capital Metro Full Business Case, pp.12-35. Available at: https://www.tccs.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/887680/Light-rail-Capital-Metro-Business-Case-In-Full.pdf [Accessed 21 Aug. 2016]. Catthoor, F., Wuytack, S., de Greef, G.E., Banica, F., Nachtergaele, L. and Vandecappelle, A., 2013.Custom memory management methodology: Exploration of memory organisation for embedded multimedia system design. Springer Science Business Media. Chandler, B., 2015. Australia award for urban design presentations in Melbourne.Planning News,41(9), p.6. Currie, G. and Burke, M., 2013, October. Light rail in Australiaperformance and prospects. InAustralasian Transport Research Forum, Brisbane, Australia. Downs, C., Cassels, B. and Ericksen, J., 2014. Case study of rail design on Gold Coast Light Rail.CORE 2014: Rail Transport For A Vital Economy, p.76. Hensher, D., Mulley, C. and Rose, J., 2016. Preferences for BRT and light rail.Restructuring Public Transport Through Bus Rapid Transit: An International and Interdisciplinary Perspective, p.209. Hensher, D.A., 2016. Why is Light Rail Starting to Dominate Bus Rapid Transit Yet Again?.Transport Reviews,36(3), pp.289-292. Ho, C., Hensher, D.A. and Mulley, C., 2015. Identifying resident preferences for bus-based and rail-based investments as a complementary buy in perspective to inform project planning prioritisation.Journal of Transport Geography,46, pp.1-9. Martin, S., 2014. Moving beyond cost: Evaluating LRT and BRT options for Australian and New Zealand cities.CORE 2014: Rail Transport For A Vital Economy, p.178. Miller, N., 2014. The impact of a new light rail network upon walkability in a central business district. Mulley, C., Tsai, C.H.P. and Ma, L., 2015, September. Does residential property price benefit from light rail in Sydney?. InAustralasian Transport Research Forum (ATRF), 37th, 2015, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Mysydney.nsw.gov.au. (2012). Sydneys Light Rail Future: Expanding public transport, revitalising our city. [online] Available at: https://mysydney.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/user-files/uploads/light-rail-future-web.pdf [Accessed 20 Aug. 2016]. Ney, S.M. and Gray, D., 2014. Western Sydney Light Rail-connecting the people of Western Sydney to the future.CORE 2014: Rail Transport For A Vital Economy, p.111. Olesen, M. and Lassen, C., 2016. Rationalities and materialities of light rail scapes.Journal of Transport Geography. Peter, N., Jeffrey, K. and Garry, G., 2013. Peak car use and the rise of global rail: why this is happening and what it means for large and small cities.Journal of Transportation Technologies,2013. Rumbaugh, D.M. ed., 2014.Language learning by a chimpanzee: The Lana project. Academic Press. Vareilles, E., Coudert, T., Aldanondo, M., Geneste, L. and Abeille, J., 2015. System design and project planning: Model and rules to manage their interactions.Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering,22(4), pp.327-342.

The Public Needs free essay sample

Presently, with hopes to conquer the increasing epidemic of childhood obesity, the Obama Administration has teamed with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) to raise nutritional standards of public school meals. Under a federal law proposed in December 2010, caloric intake will significantly decrease over the course of a decade for children participating in the school lunch and breakfast programs (Nixon, 2011). Critics assume battling childhood obesity will lower risks for diseases such as high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, and high-cholesterol into adulthood. For many families, providing healthy foods for their children is limited due to sub par economic standing. This paper explores several important factors including, the economic factors associated with school lunch programs, the needs of the children, and the benefits of change. ECONOMIC FACTORS One of the many economic factors contributing to nutrition in public schools is cost. In the last five years the average annual cost of school lunch programs surpassed forty million dollars (School Nutrition Association). We will write a custom essay sample on The Public Needs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As proven by many nutritionists and dietary specialist alike, cost of healthy meals exceeds fast food and unhealthy meals. A family of four going to McDonald’s may spend approximately $8-10 for burgers and fries for everyone, however, the same family going to a restaurant and eating a meal containing less saturated fat, sodium, and cholesterol will pay around $50 for a low fat meal. Similar to families, schools find there is a constant strain between providing healthy meal choices and the demanding cost for such alternatives when less healthy meals are often cheaper. Under the proposed plan by the Obama administration, nutritious meals in school will come at an increased price. Many essential food items needed for balanced school meals are increasing cost wise and raising the payout for these items. According to the SNA schools are experiencing double-digit increases in costs of products, thus gradually raising costs of lunches until prices for paid lunches nationwide reach $2. 46 (see table 1) (School Nutrition Association). In addition to cost, another economic factor which has an effect on school nutrition is high and steady increasing unemployment rates. Most school resources are secured through tax funding. With a growing number of Americans unemployed budget cuts are almost always made in schools. With an alarming amount of budget cuts schools are unable to implement the proposed nutrition plan quickly as needed and plans to spread the participation adherence to accommodate each school district (School Nutrition Association). NEEDS OF SCHOOL CHILDREN One of the main concerns in the needs of children would be intake of proper nutrition. In 1992, the USDA introduced the food pyramid indicating five food groups that were essential to growth and development. Americans were urged to eat the recommended servings of each group: the bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group which required 6-11 servings daily; the vegetable group which requires 3-5 servings; the fruit group, requiring 2-4 servings; the milk, yogurt and cheese group, requesting 2-3 servings and lastly the meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts group which indicated 2-3 daily servings which could potentially maximize health and development (Neuman, 2011) (Figure 2). The above mentioned nutrition plan was promoted to assist with nutrients your body needs to perform adequately. As the Obama Administration pushed for a healthier America, especially for children, a revised version of the pyramid was created in 2011 called â€Å"my plate† indicating increased amounts of fruits and vegetables were essential in cutting fatty foods and snacks from their diets(Neuman, 2011) (Figure 3). Fruits and vegetables in our diets also provide our bodies with nutrients that help our digestive tract, fight off infection, assist in healing, assist muscle functions, and keep your heart healthy among other things. Another issue with obese children and nutrition is a lack of exercise and the ability to eat unhealthy foods from home and the school cafeteria. Studies show that children who engage in some kind of physical activity increase their life expectancy and have a higher self-esteem. The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends children and adolescents participate in at least 60 minutes of moderate physical activity daily to decrease risks for cardiovascular diseases and other health problems (AHA Scientific Position , 2012). In many school districts children participate in physical education as near to lunch as possible to assist in burning calories accumulated from breakfast and lunch; this may be the only exercise some children receive after the school day is complete. BENEFITS OF CHANGE The first significant benefits of change in school nutrition are healthier children. Since children learn what they live, to show them how to make healthy eating choices early in life will carry on to adulthood. The history of the National School lunch Program (NSLP) dates back to 1946 as President Harry S. Truman signed the NSLP act as â€Å"a measure of national security, to safeguard the health and well-being of the Nation’s children and to encourage the domestic consumption of nutritious agricultural commodities. † (School Nutrition Association). President Truman experienced men rejected from draft into World War II due to health problems and decided to start rebuilding healthy eating habits with children’s nutrition (School Nutrition Association). Along with healthier children, another benefit of change in school nutrition is providing an economical way to accommodate for a significant amount of the students daily nutritional requirements. Depending on the age of the child, nutritional value varies substantially. For instance a 2-3 year old child requires 14-19 grams of fiber and a 4-8 year old child’s recommendation are 19-23 grams of fiber (Childrens Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine, 2007). A family that has several children and possible in economic distress may have a hard time supplying recommended daily nutrients. With this change, students are allowed extra nutrition which they may lack from home. In conclusion, it is important to know the difficulties school children have with nutrition. As this paper outlined, many adulthood health problems arise beginning with unhealthy children. School nutrition programs are making a conscientious effort to provide portions of daily recommended nutrients and exercise in an attempt to decrease the obesity in children.